17. IN/AGO/AFTER/BEFORE

A. I joined this company two years before.

B. She plans to get married two years after.

C. A few days after I will graduate from college, I will travel to Europe.

1. He's thirty-one years old now. He'll be thirty-two in two months.

2. He entered the army two months after he graduated from university.

I. If the reference point is NOW

"time phrase + AGO": in the past

"IN + time phrase": in the future

A1OK. B1Ok

1.-5.

II. If the reference point is NOT NOW

'time phrase + BEFORE + time phrase'

'time phrase + AFTER + time phrase'

6. - 10.

NOTE I: Reference point in the future

While we use the present tense to establish a reference point in the future, we use the future tense to talk about some  other event in terms of that reference point.

(9., 10.)

C1OK

NOTE II: Time phrase + LATER

11., 11a, 11b

Reference point is not mentioned in the same expression.

12.,

'time phrase + before' can also stand alone in a sentence if the reference point has already been established.

13.

18. IN DETAIL/HARD/LATE

A. My boss makes me work very hardly.

B. I stayed out drinking with my friends, so I got home lately.

C. I informed them detaily about my plan.

I. HARD is an adverb as well as an adjective.

A1OK

1.-3.

NOTE I: hardly, barely, scarcely, not quite

4., 5.

NOTE II: HARD WORKING = DILIGENT

6.

II. LATE

B1OK

7.-8.

NOTE III: LATELY = 'in the recent past, not long ago, recently'

9.-10.

III. IN DETAIL

detail(noun), detailed(adjective), in detail(adverbial concept)

C1OK

9.-11.

NOTE IV: go into detail

19. INFLUENCE//EMPHASIZE/EMPHASIS//STRESS

A. Weather conditions influence on agricultural production.

B. Our english teacher emphasizes on conversational skills.

C. Confucian educators stressed on obedience.

TRANSITIVE VERBS

A1ok, B1ok, C1ok

A2ok, B2ok, C2ok (nouns: preposition 'on')

1.-4.

NOTE: passive form + by

A3ok, B3ok, C3ok

20. LACK

A. We Koreans have to work hard because our country is lack of natural resources.

B. I lack of money, so I can't afford to travel during my vacation.

C. She is lack of knowledge about modern literature.

I. 'LACK' as a VERB

1.-5.

II. 'LACK' as a NOUN

LACK + of

6.-9.

A1ok, A2ok, B1ok, B2ok, C1ok

TWO OTHER PATTERNS:

A. ' ... is lacking in ...'='lack(verb)'

10.-12.

B. 'There is no lack of...'/'..has no lack of ..'(existence of a large quantity/number)

13.-15.